The effect of light on objects is not always the same. This is why we have some variation between the lightest and the darkest parts. There should not be any sharp or sudden change from dark area to light part when applying tone to drawings. Try as much as possible to blend your tones gradually because no dark area on an object is free from traces of light. Whichever method of shading a student decides to use, blending of tones is very important in giving the object drawn more solidity and reality.
Shading Techniques
There are various methods that could be used in shading objects drawn in a drawing class. Students are never restricted to a particular method. Since art itself is the expression of inner feelings, students are free to convey their ideas, using any method of their choice through their strokes. The following are some techniques in shading: -
i. Blurring/Rubbing Method:-
Otherwise called smooth or woolly effect where the stroke of the pencil is hardly noticed. The side of the pencil is often used, holding the pencil at an angle to achieve this effect.
Rubbing with any of the finger tips is done by some artists for better result. An eraser can also be used to achieve this effect.
ii. Hatching Method
This is the use of one-way strokes of different sizes, length and tones in shading an object. The strokes can be vertical or horizontal depending on the nature and shape of the object and the choice of the artist.
iii. Cross Hatching:
It is similar to the one above; except that some strokes are made to cross each other. Dark and heavy strokes are used for dark areas while faint and thin lines are for light areas.
iv. Pointillism:
As the name implies, dot of different sizes are arranged to indicate tones on objects. When thick dots cluster together more closely, darker effect is achieved while areas with smaller and lighter dots show brighter effect of light.
SOME ART TERMS RELATING TO DRAWING:
Support: -The surface on which a work of two-dimensional art is made; for example, canvas, paper or wood.
Shade: - The part of object that is shaded away from light. The degree of shade on an object depends so much on the amount of light that reaches it.
Highlight: - Is the area that receives the greatest amount of direct light in drawing or painting. Such areas are treated in brilliant colours.
Modelling: - (In drawing and painting). It means the application of light and shade (shading) to show the solidity of a three-dimensional object represented on a flat surface.
Shaping of form in some plastic materials such as clay, plaster and so on, is equally referred to as modelling.
Sketching: - Making a quick impression or account of a model or scene with lines without all the necessary details.
Model: - A person employed to assume a certain posture while the artist makes a drawing or painting of him or her.
Out-door Studies: - Drawing or painting made outside the art room and which shows sceneries from the surroundings.
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